Rheumatology Research
Rheumatology Research
2476-5856
5
3
2020
07
01
Weekly versus daily leflunomide
87
89
EN
Seyed Ruhollah
Mousavinasab
0000-0002-8447-0661
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
srmn48@gmail.com
mohammad bagher
Owlia
0000-0001-8062-6430
Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
bagherowlia@gmail.com
10.22631/rr.2020.69997.1096
<span class="fontstyle0">Among the most common chronic conditions needing chronic drug therapy are chronic rheumatic diseases, diabetes mellitus,<br />hypertension, depression, psychosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, multiple sclerosis, coronary vascular disease, dyslipidemia<br />and also chronic rheumatic disorders are among. Most researchers and pharmaceutical companies are constantly trying to<br />develop new drugs with more specific measures based on the pathophysiology of the disease in question. Finding an ideal<br />approach in practice guidelines with minimum adverse drug effects is optimum. Post-drug effects deal with the biological effects<br />of a medicine lasting longer than expected from its pharmacological half-life. This could be more evident in many drugs,<br />including hydroxychloroquine, methotrexate, leflunomide, dexamethasone, fluoxetine, and other lipid lowering drugs. This<br />effect not only maintains the therapeutic effect of the drugs, but also reduces the side effects. Leflunomide is an<br />immunomodulatory antirheumatic and disease-modifying drug that is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis as well as other<br />inflammatory arthritis (namely psoriatic arthritis) by inhibiting the synthesis of pyrimidine. Due to the metabolite of leflunomide<br />in the body and the long half-life of this drug, it is possible to prescribe this drug on a weekly basis. Study results have indicated<br />that weekly administration of leflunomide has advantages over daily administration, such as the same therapeutic effect, ease<br />of administration, lower cost of treatment, fewer side effects of medication, and more patient compliance. Thus, based on the<br />results, it can be recommended that leflunomide be administered weekly.</span>
chronic rheumatic disorders,Weekly administration,leflunomide
https://www.rheumres.org/article_127117.html
https://www.rheumres.org/article_127117_c22daa06ca7faba259ae8fc1396d03e3.pdf
Rheumatology Research
Rheumatology Research
2476-5856
5
3
2020
07
01
Review of the Clinical Applications of Trabecular Bone Score
91
98
EN
Hossein
Yermohammadi
Medical Students Research Committee, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology
and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
hossein.yarmohammadi@shahed.ac.ir
Alireza
Mirzaei
Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
mirzaeialireza26@gmail.com
Mozhdeh
Zabihiyeganeh
Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
mozhdehzabihi@gmail.com
10.22631/rr.2020.69997.1097
<span class="fontstyle0">Assessment of bone health is essential in many different diseases and conditions, including osteoporosis and fragility fracture.<br />Although bone mineral density (BMD) has a well-established role in measuring bone quantity, it is unable to determine bone<br />quality. Recently, the trabecular bone score (TBS) was developed as a valuable approach to determining bone quality by<br />evaluating the microarchitecture of a bone. TBS data is of critical importance, particularly in conditions in which BMD is falsely<br />elevated or has not yet decreased significantly. The current review has collected current evidence regarding the clinical<br />applications of TBS in various disorders, such as osteoporosis, fracture, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and degenerative bone<br />diseases.</span>
Bone,Microarchitecture,Osteoporosis,Trabecular Bone Score
https://www.rheumres.org/article_125271.html
https://www.rheumres.org/article_125271_e791e0f68e26683984a8d47c85f5cd93.pdf
Rheumatology Research
Rheumatology Research
2476-5856
5
3
2020
07
01
Feasibility and Toxicity of Intra-Articular 188Re-tin Colloid Injection in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis with Three-Phase Positive Bone Scan and Refractory Knee Pain, a pilot study
99
103
EN
Zahra
Mirfeizi
Rheumatic Diseases Research Center (RDRC), Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
mirfeiziz@mums.ac.ir
Nasim
Norouzbeigi
Nuclear Medicine Department, Razavi Hospital, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran.
norouzbeiginasim1@gmail.com
Maryam
Sahebari
Rheumatic Diseases Research Center (RDRC), Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
sahebarim@mums.ac.ir
Mohammadhassan
Jokar
0000-0001-8926-5168
Rheumatic Diseases Research Center (RDRC), Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
jokarmh@gmail.com
Zahra
Rezaei Yazdi
0000-0001-8731-7999
Rheumatic Diseases Research Center (RDRC), Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
rezaieyazdiz@mums.ac.ir
Seyed Rasoul
Zakavi
Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
zakavir@mums.ac.ir
Sousan
Shafiei
Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
shafiees9@mums.ac.ir
Atena
Aghaee
0000-0002-1351-3142
Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
aghaeeat@mums.ac.ir
10.22631/rr.2020.69997.1098
<span class="fontstyle0">Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease that causes chronic synovial inflammation. Reactor-produced<br />β-particle emitting radionuclides is a new therapeutic strategy in the management of RA. This study was conducted in 2019<br />and analyzed the toxicity and feasibility of </span><span class="fontstyle0">188</span><span class="fontstyle0">Re-tin colloid injection, Three-Phase Positive Bone Scan, and Refractory Knee<br />Pain. Ten patients with RA were administered radiosynovectomy with </span><span class="fontstyle0">188</span><span class="fontstyle0">Re-tin colloid. The main complications after the<br />intervention were assessed and compared with patients’ pre-intervention condition. Patients showed alleviation of pain,<br />tenderness, and morning stiffness after the administration of radiosynovectomy. Only one RA patient received a corticosteroid<br />injection; the other 6 patients did not need a corticosteroid injection after radiosynovectomy. Intra-articular </span><span class="fontstyle2">188</span><span class="fontstyle0">Re-tin colloid<br />injection seems to be an effective treatment modality for refractory knee joint pain in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Thus, it is<br />suggested as a safe and effective strategy to apply.</span>
Knee joint,Pain,Rheumatoid arthritis,188Re-tin
https://www.rheumres.org/article_129528.html
https://www.rheumres.org/article_129528_a7ea37c0acabac65ef12877bebf3a5d9.pdf
Rheumatology Research
Rheumatology Research
2476-5856
5
3
2020
07
01
IRF7 and STAT1 gene expression profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with systemic sclerosis
105
110
EN
Ramazan
Rezaei
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
ramin.rezaei25@gmail.com
Hoda
Kavosi
0000-0003-4762-6943
Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
h-kavosi@sina.tums.ac.ir
Farhad
Gharibdoost
Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
gharibdoost@sina.tums.ac.ir
Hanieh
Mojtahedi
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
r_rezaei25@sbmu.ac.ir
Mohammad
Vodjgani
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
vojganim@sina.tums.ac.ir
Mahdi
Mahmoudi
0000-0002-8164-8831
Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
mahmoudim@tums.ac.ir
10.22631/rr.2020.69997.1099
<span class="fontstyle0">The critical role of IFN signature genes has increasingly been surveyed to determine the etiology and pathogenesis of systemic<br />sclerosis (SSc). Interferon-regulatory factors (IRFs) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are mainly<br />considered as transcriptional modulators of IFN-signature genes and type I interferon and play a major role in the regulation of<br />numerous aspects of an immune response. The current study aimed to assess the transcriptional levels of IRF7 (interferonregulatory factor 7) and STAT1 (signal transducers and activators of transcription 1) mRNAs in PBMCs of scleroderma patients<br />and compare them with those of healthy subjects.<br />In this study, PBMCs were obtained from 50 scleroderma patients and 30 healthy individuals. Subsequently, total RNA was<br />extracted from isolated PBMCs and cDNA synthesis was carried out. IRF7 and STAT1 mRNA expressions were assessed by<br />applying quantitative real-time PCR, SYBR Green method, and specific primers for IRF7 and STAT1.<br />Relative expression of IRF7 was significantly increased in the patient group compared with the control group. Moreover, relative<br />expression of IRF7 in limited SSc (lSSc) and diffuse SSc (dSSc) was significantly increased compared with healthy subjects (</span><span class="fontstyle2">p<br /></span><span class="fontstyle0">< 0.05). The relative expression of STAT1 transcripts in PBMCs was not statistically significantly different between the patient<br />group and the control group. The correlation between IRF7 expression and the Rodnan score (RS) of the disease was significant.<br />Considering the overexpression of IRF7 in SSc patients and significant correlation between the IRF7 and the Rodnan score of<br />the disease, it is suggested that impaired expression of IRF7 is involved in the pathogenesis of SSc.</span>
PBMCs,Gene expression,IRF7,STAT1,systemic sclerosis
https://www.rheumres.org/article_121924.html
https://www.rheumres.org/article_121924_4d8c4c944999d36a11ba410f351d2b06.pdf
Rheumatology Research
Rheumatology Research
2476-5856
5
3
2020
07
01
Clinical and laboratory findings versus results of renal biopsy: Evaluation the diagnostic value in patients with lupus nephritis
111
114
EN
Shila
Aghayani
shila.aghayani@yahoo.com
Department of Rheumatology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
shila.aghayani@yahoo.com
Mohammad Reza
Abbasi
Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Nephrology Research Center Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
Seyed Reza
Najafizadeh
Department of Rheumatology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Shafieh
Movaseghi
Department of Rheumatology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
movaseghi@gmail.com
Abdolrahman
Rostamian
Department of Rheumatology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
arostamian@tums.ac.ir
10.22631/rr.2020.69997.1100
<span class="fontstyle0">Kidney involvement is a major cause of death and disability in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Early and<br />accurate determination of the type of involvement is essential in choosing the appropriate treatment for these patients. The<br />current study aimed to determine whether laboratory findings are consistent with kidney biopsy for biopsy classification.<br />This descriptive analytic cross-sectional study was performed on 17 patients with SLE admitted to rheumatology and nephrology<br />departments. All patients underwent renal biopsy and received appropriate treatment according to the reported pathology. Data<br />analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25. The participants comprised 14 females and 3 males with a mean age<br />of 32.23±11.12 years. The findings of this study showed that mean serum C3 and 24-hour urine protein concentrations were<br />significantly different between the four studied groups according to the type of kidney pathology (</span><span class="fontstyle2">p </span><span class="fontstyle0">=0.042, </span><span class="fontstyle2">p </span><span class="fontstyle0">=0.041;<br />respectively). No significant relationship was found between pathological findings and clinical signs, demographic information,<br />and other laboratory findings (</span><span class="fontstyle2">p </span><span class="fontstyle0">>0.05). Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that renal biopsy is the<br />most accurate method available for the diagnosis and classification of lupus nephritis. Nonetheless, renal biopsy has limitations<br />including side effects, the need for an experienced pathologist, and suboptimality in some cases; renal biopsy was suboptimal<br />in three cases of the current study. Therefore, noninvasive faster methods with high efficacy should be sought.</span>
clinical symptoms,Kidney pathology,Laboratory findings,lupus nephritis
https://www.rheumres.org/article_125610.html
https://www.rheumres.org/article_125610_70672f89cb05a846ab8e45b1b8d248e5.pdf
Rheumatology Research
Rheumatology Research
2476-5856
5
3
2020
07
01
To study the effect and mechanism of dimethyl fumarate [DMF] in adjuvant induced arthritis model in rats
115
128
EN
Shruti
Saha
Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
shruti.tia@gmail.com
Lekha
Saha
0000-0001-5925-7159
Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
lekhasaha@rediffmail.com
Neha
Singh
Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
neharanapgimer@gmail.com
Jagjit
Singh
Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
jagjit.singh967@gmail.com
Rohit
kumar
Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
rohit87.aiims@gmail.com
Alka
Bhatia
Department of Experimental Medicine and
Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
alkabhatia@ymail.com
Amitava
Chakrabarti
Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
amitavachakrabarti315@yahoo.com
10.22631/rr.2020.69997.1101
<span class="fontstyle0">Currently available disease modifying anti-rheumatoid drugs have limitations like dose-dependent toxicity and tolerance.<br />Dimethyl fumarate has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties in various animal models. Thus, the<br />present study aimed to evaluate the effects and mechanism of DMF in a murine model of adjuvant-induced arthritis.<br />A total of 84 rats were divided into early treatment groups (n=48) and late treatment groups (n=36). There were 8 subgroups<br />and 6 subgroups (n=6 in each group) in the early and late treatment groups, respectively. Experimental rheumatoid arthritis<br />(RA) was induced in Wistar rats by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) intradermally at the base of the tail. Antirheumatic effects were evaluated by arthritis and histopathological scoring of ankle joints. To evaluate anti-oxidant properties,<br />GSH, catalase, SOD, and lipid peroxidation were measured. ESR, WBC count, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were measured to evaluate<br />the immunomodulatory properties of DMF. DMF demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects by decreasing arthritis and<br />histopathological scores compared to the CFA control group, though the difference was not statistically significant. DMF<br />exhibited immunomodulatory properties as decreases in TLC count, serum TNF-α, and plasma IL-6 levels were observed. In all<br />the above-mentioned parameters, the best response was achieved with the early combination therapy of DMF 30 mg/kg and<br />methotrexate [Mtx] 0.1 mg/kg. In the present study, DMF demonstrated antirheumatoid effects in a rat model of CFA-induced<br />arthritis. The best antirheumatoid effect was achieved with the early combination of DMF and Mtx.</span>
anti-inflammatory agents,Antioxidants arthritis,Dimethyl fumarate,Freund's adjuvant,Rheumatoid
https://www.rheumres.org/article_128841.html
https://www.rheumres.org/article_128841_d1fb918260430dd8794b3881ca065a5b.pdf
Rheumatology Research
Rheumatology Research
2476-5856
5
3
2020
07
01
Resolved of Respiratory Failure Following the Use Pulse-Doses of Methylprednisolone in a Cytokine Storm Related to 2019 novel coronavirus
129
133
EN
Hamid
Khederlou
Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
ham_khed@yahoo.com
Abdolrahman
Rostamian
Rheumatology Department, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
arostamiansina@tums.ac.ir
Elham
Nezhadseifi
Rheumatology Department, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
drelham320@yahoo.com
Hourvash
Ebrahimi-louyeh
Rheumatology Department, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
hoorvashebrahimi@yahoo.com
10.22631/rr.2020.69997.1102
<span class="fontstyle0">Since mid-December of 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia has been spread from Wuhan City, Hubei province, China, as a viral<br />pneumonia. After virus identification and isolation, the pathogen for this pneumonia was originally called 2019 novel<br />coronavirus (2019-nCoV). 2019-nCoV has been associated with progressive cytokine storm leading to a hyper-inflammatory<br />state that this state associated with respiratory failure. We hereby reported a known case of Rheumatoid arthritis, Hypertension<br />and Coronary artery bypass graft that confirmed 2019-nCoV and he was associated with progressive cytokine storm leading to<br />respiratory failure. After corticosteroid administration, respiratory failure and extremely high levels of IL6 responded<br />dramatically to pulse-doses of Methylprednisolone. We concluded that pulse-doses of Corticosteroids can be effective in<br />controlling and relieving cytokine storms and related respiratory failure.</span>
Cytokine Storm,Interleukin-6,2019 novel coronavirus,Respiratory Failure,Systemic Corticosteroid
https://www.rheumres.org/article_113117.html
https://www.rheumres.org/article_113117_95bfdc675fbc5fd308f8fac7f6e98c24.pdf